Glossary of key terms used

ADSL

 

Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line. A high-speed transmission system using standard telephone lines. Not available in all areas of NZ until Telecom upgrades exchanges (see www.telecom.co.nz/jetstream).
asynchronous Communication where interaction takes place, but not at the same time. It is accessed when the user has the time and inclination.
audio bridge An audio bridge connects telephones at remote sites enabling audio conferencing.
audio-conferencing The linking of individuals or groups in two or more locations via telephone (possibly using a Polycom).
audio-graphics Combination of audio-conferencing and computer-based graphics using the internet (e.g. NetMeeting) or other specialised software.
bandwidth The rate at which data can be transmitted across a connection is determined by bandwidth. The bandwidth of an ISDN line is 64k per second for one channel. Video-conferencing requires a bandwidth of at least 256k to be reasonably reliable and fast.
bridge A device which allows three or more telecommunications channels, such as phone lines, to connect.
broadband Describes the wide range of frequencies that can be transmitted and received through wire or using radio waves. Transferring data over normal phone lines using a modem is slow, but if the full range of frequencies is available then data can be transmitted at high speed. The data could be text, video or sound.
Core/base resource Resources that are available to distance learners that support a course. For example, printed material, texts, CD-ROMs, web resources, audio tapes.
cluster coordinator A person appointed by the cluster to manage a distance learning programme within the Learning Community Online. The cluster coordinator has oversight of the technical and network requirements, is responsible for the co-ordination and standardisation of documentation and other key communications, and acts as liaison between all the key players within the cluster (e.g., principals, technical support, local school mentors, teachers) and outside networks, institutions, and individuals.
discussion board An online means of holding discussions, usually asynchronously, but may be done in real time. Participants type text into a screen and submit it. The text is then displayed for all participants to respond to in their own time.
distance education When students and teachers are physically separated from one another during instruction and learning periods.
distance learning The desired outcome of distance education.
dynamic IP A randomly assigned internet address for a computer, generated upon connecting to the internet via an ISP (Internet Service Provider).
e-teacher A teacher who teaches online synchronously, asynchronously, or both. The teacher may use audio-graphics, video-conferencing, web-based courses, etc.
extranet An intranet that is accessible via the internet, usually through the use of a login ID and password.
home school School where the distance education teacher is based.

host

A computer that acts as a bridge for other participant sites to join an audio-graphics session.
intranet An internal system of structured resources available to users of a network via a web browser. Usually not accessible to the outside world.
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network. Bandwidth using special phone lines and modems. A standard ISDN has 2 channels, each one 64k.
LAN Local Area Network. A private network connecting computers and devices within a site, through the use of cable or wireless technology.
listserv Also known as a mailing list. An electronic means of sharing email on a shared interest or topic. People subscribe to a list in order to receive regular contact via email.
local cluster A group of schools with a common interest or need who have decided to work together.
modem Device allowing the translation of digital data to analogue for the transmission across standard phone lines. Come in a variety of speeds. Currently 56k is the highest.
point to multipoint Link from one site to many sites. point to point Link from one site to another site.
polycom A proprietary speaker phone or video phone used for audio or video-conferencing
router A device on a network to forward data from computer to computer internally, and externally. On a network, a router is used instead of a modem for email and internet requests.
site mentor Or site supervisor. A person in a distance education site who is responsible for the day to day needs of the distance learner, and the keeping of records, etc. The site mentors are the primary conduit of information and feedback to and from a school to the cluster. The role is required to encourage positive learning experiences rather than focus solely on the administration/disciplinary aspects of operating the LCO. Regular feedback and evaluation of student experience needs to be done, formally and informally, by the people in these roles, and passed on to the teacher through positive constructive guidance.
static IP A fixed internet address for a computer. The address is bought from an ISP (Internet Service Provider, such as Xtra, ihug, Paradise), and has the advantage of allowing the owner to broadcast or use the address permanently.
student A distance education participant.
synchronous Communication where interaction between participants takes place simultaneously. An example would be a live video-conference or sharing a digital whiteboard between sites.

video-conferencing

A combination of video and audio for interactive communication between two or more sites.